Aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid water (H2O). if 1.17 g of sodium chloride is produced from the reaction of 2.6 g of hydrochloric acid and 2.1 g of sodium hydroxide, calculate the percent yield of sodium chloride. Round to 2 sig figs

Answer:

Explanations:

For a chemical reaction to be balanced, the total number of moles of elements at the reactant must be equal to the number of moles at the product.

Given the chemical reaction;

Equating the number of moles of elements on both sides:

For the oxygen element:

2a = 2c + d ................... 1

For the carbon element;

6b=c

For the Hydrogen element:

14b = 2d

7b = d .............................. 3

Assume a = 2;

Equation 1 becomes:

2(2) = 2c + d

4 = 2c + d ................,....4

From equation 2

b = c/6 .............................. 5

From equation 3:

b = d/7 ...................... 6

Equating 5 and 6

c/6 = d/7

7c = 6d

c = 6d/7 ........................... 7

Substitute equation 7 into 4 to have:

4 = 2c + d

4 = 2(6d/7) + d

4 = 12d/7 + d

4 = (12d+7d)/7

28 = 19d

d = 28/19

To get the value of b:

b = d/7

b = 28/19 * 1/7

b = 28/133

Considering the definition of STP conditions and molar mass, there are 37.3208 grams of 19.00 L of propane vapor (C₃H₈) at STP.

The STP conditions refer to the standard temperature and pressure. Pressure values at 1 atmosphere and temperature at 0 ° C are used and are reference values for gases. And in these conditions 1 mole of any gas occupies an approximate volume of 22.4 liters.

The molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.

In this case, you have 19.00 L of propane vapor (C₃H₈) at STP.

You can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of STP conditions a volume of 22.4 L is occupied by 1 mole of propane, a volume of 19 L is occupied by how many moles of propane?

moles of propane= (19 L× 1 mole)÷ 22.4 L

moles of propane= 0.8482 moles

Considering that the molar mass of propane is 44 g/mole, you can apply the following rule of three: If 1 mole of propane contains 44 grams, 0.8482 moles contains how much mass of propane?

mass of propane= (0.8482 moles× 44 grams)÷ 1 mole

mass of propane= 37.3208 grams

Finally there are 37.3208 grams of propane in 19 L.

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When you reach into the oven to take out the cookies, the thermal energy from your hand transfers to the cookies. The cookies become hot while your hand becomes cooler.

What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the energy contained within a system that controls its temperature. The flow of thermal energy is defined as heat. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with how heat is transferred between different systems and how work is done in the process (see the first law of thermodynamics).

We are usually interested in the role of thermal energy in ensuring energy conservation in the context of mechanics problems. Almost every transfer of energy in real-world physical systems occurs with less than 100% efficiency and results in some thermal energy. Typically, this energy takes the form of low-level thermal energy.

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The patterns of acid rain is best explained on the basis of it's ph observations.

Rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, is referred to as acid rain (low pH). The Northeastern United States contains the regions with the highest levels of acidity (lowest pH values). The Northeast's concentration of industrial and power facilities, numerous cities, and dense population are to blame for this trend of high acidity.

Infrastructure, marine life, and plants can all be harmed by acid rain. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions cause acid rain by reacting with the water molecules in the atmosphere to create acids. It has been noted that acid rain also has negative effects on forests, freshwaters, and soils. It also kills insect and aquatic life-forms, damages structures, and has an effect on human health.

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Answer:

MM of Nacl is 58.5

1000=450

58.5=26.325g

The volume of 0.130M HClO₄ required to react with 44ml of  8.5 x 10⁻²M NaOH to neutralize it is 28.76ml.

Let us first write the reaction of HClO₄ and NaOH,

HClO₄ + NaOH → NaClO₄ + H₂O

According to the reaction,

one moles of HClO₄ reacts with one mole of NaOH completely to form NaClO₄ and H₂O.

As we know,

Molarity = number of moles of solute/volume of solution

Moles = Molarity x Volume

So, we can write,

Moles of HClO₄ = Moles of NaOH

V x 0.130 = 44 x 8.5 x 10⁻²

Here,

V is the volume of HClO₄ (in ml),

V = 44 x 8.5 x 10⁻²/0.130

V = 28.76ml

Amount of HClO₄ required is 28.76ml.

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Answer

24.325 mol

Explanation

The unbalanced equation is:

C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

The balanced equation will be:

2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O

Given mole of ethane = 6.95 mol

From the balanced equation:

2 mol of C₂H₆ is required by 7 mol of O₂

Therefore, 6.95 mol of C₂H₆wills requir:

Hence, 24.325 mol of O2 is required.

The oxidation state of SO4 in FeAl2(SO4)4 * 22 H2O is -2 .

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Here are 3 alkali metals with physical and chemical similarity.

What is alkali metals?

alkali metals are come from the fact that when these metals or their oxides dissolved in water.a basic solution results.

Three alkali metals -

1- hydrogen(H)

2-lithium(Li)

3-potassium(K)

Physical and chemical similarity of hydrogen -

-it is colourless and tasteless in nature.

-it is a combustible gas but not a supporter of combustion.

Physical and chemical similarity of lithium -

-it have a melting point of 180.54

-it is the lightest of all metals,with a density approximately half that of water.

Physical and chemical similarity of pottasium -

- this metal is soft and white with a silver lustre.

-it imparts a lavender colour to a flame, and it's vapour is green.

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To know the element with eletronic configuration 2.8.6 we need to:

First:

do the eletronic distribution - 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

Molar mass - Number of Sugar molecules in 1mL of 10% sugar solution is 2.11 × 10²⁰

What is molar mass ?
Mass per mole is a definition of molar mass. In other terms, molar mass is the total mass of all the atoms in a substance that makes up a mole. It is measured in gram-per-mole units.
For elements or molecules, molar mass is displayed. The molar mass is simply the element's mass represented in atomic mass units in the case of single elements or individual atoms. To put it another way, an atom's atomic mass and molar mass are exactly equal. Molar mass can be used to determine a particle's identification because it is equivalent to atomic mass for individual atoms.

Molar mass of sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁) = (12×12 + 1×22 + 16×11) g mol⁻¹ = 342 g mol⁻¹

Mass of 1 ml of the solution = (1 ml) × (1.20 g ml⁻¹) = 1.20 g

Mass of sugar in 1 ml of the solution = (1.20 g) × 10% = 0.120 g

Moles of sugar in 1 ml of the solution = (0.120 g) / (342 g mol⁻¹) = 3.509 × 10⁻⁴ mol

Avogadro constant = 6.02 × 10²³ mol⁻¹

No. of sugar molecules = (3.509 × 10⁻⁴ mol) × (6.02 × 10²³ mol⁻¹) = 2.11 × 10²⁰

No. of Sugar molecules in 1mL of 10% sugar solution is 2.11 × 10²⁰

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Explanation:

Formaldeyde

Lewis Structure:

Structural diagram:

3D diagram.

Volume of the balloon at 2.00 × 10⁴ m is 1.52x10³ L

Volume is the three dimensional qualities that is used to measure capacity of solid shape and atmospheric pressure is the air around you has weight and it weighs down everything it touches is called atmospheric pressure

Here given data is

Pi = 1.0 atmosphere = absolute atmospheric pressure

P f = 61.0 mm Hg = atmospheric pressure

= 61.0/760 atmosphere

=  0.0802 atmosphere

Vi =  171 L

T i = 20.0°C = 20+273 = 293 K

T f = 210 K

We have to find volume of the balloon at 2.00 ×10⁴ m =?

Then the formula is

Pi × Vi/T i = P f × V f/T f

1 atm×171 L/293 K = 0.0802× V f/210K

V f = 1.52x10³ L

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Answer:

on image

Explanation:

top numbers are mass numbers; bottom numbers are proton numbers

Let the percent abundance of E216 be x. Then, the percent abundance of E219 is 100-x. It follows that:

[tex]216x+219(100-x)=2170.00\\\\216x+21900-219x=21700.00\\\\-3x+21900=21700.00\\\\-3x=-200\\\\x=\frac{200}{3} \approx 66.6\%[/tex]

So, the percent abundance of E216 is 66.6%, and the percent abundance of E219 is 33.3%.

Isotopes exists atoms that stood part of the exact element and have the same atomic number Z but a different mass number A. The percent abundance of E216 exists 66.6 %, and the percent abundance of E219 exists 33.3 %

Isotopes are two or more different atom types that share the same atomic number and place in the periodic table but contain various quantities of neutrons in their nuclei, resulting in various nucleon numbers.

A chemical element's isotope is any of two or more species of atoms that share the same atomic number, position in the periodic table, and virtually identical chemical behavior, but differ in atomic mass and physical characteristics. There are one or more isotopes for each chemical element.

Isotopes are atoms that are part of the same element and have the same atomic number Z but a different mass number A. For instance, three isotopes of the element carbon, with respective masses of 12, 13, and 14, are carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14.

Let the percent abundance of E216 be x. Then, the percent abundance of E219 is 100-x. It follows that:

216x + 219 (100 - x) = 2170.00

simplifying the above equation, we get

216x + 21900 - 219x = 21700.00

-3x + 21900 = 21700.00

-3x = -200

x = 200/3 ≈ 66.6 %

Therefore, the percent abundance of E216 exists 66.6 %, and the percent abundance of E219 exists 33.3 %.

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Based on the volume and density of the barium sample, the mass

of the sample of barium mass  14.48 g.

The mass of a substance is the quantity of matter present in a substance.

The unit of mass is kg.

The volume of a substance is the amount of space covered by the substance. The unit for volume is a liter, cubic meter, or cubic centimeter.

The density of a substance is the ratio of the mass and volume of that substance.

The mass of the barium sample is calculated as follows:

The volume of the sample of barium = 4.00 cm³

The density of barium is 3.62 g/cm³

mass of the barium sample = 4.00 cm³ * 3.62 g/cm³

Mass of the barium sample = 14.48 g

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The question requires us to determine the molecular mass of the compound thorium sulfate (Th(SO4)2), considering the atomic masses to the tenth of a gram.

The atomic masses of the elements present in the molecule given are:

Th: 232.0 u

S: 32.1 u

O: 16.0 u

To obtain the molecular mass of the compound, we must consider the number of atoms of each element: there are 8 oxygen (O) atoms, 2 sulfur (S) atoms and 1 thorium (Th) atom, therefore we calculate the mass as:

molecular mass Th(SO4)2 = (1 * 232.0) + (2 * 32.1) + (8 * 16.0) = 424.2 g/mol

Therefore, the molecular mass of Th(SO4)2 is 424.2 g/mol.

The rationale of the potentiometric method is that it could be used to obtain the concentration of a particular analyte.

There are so many ways by which the concentration of a substance could be determined. We know that the concertation has to do with the amount of substance in the solution.

In the potentiometric titration, has to do with the sort of titration in which the end point or the equivalence point could be electronically determined without the use of an indicator. It could be used to obtain the concentration of an acid.

The potentiometric method depends on the fact that one specie is oxidized and the other is reduced and this creates a kind of a redox system. The acid may be added to the base and the changes in the potential of the system is measured. The potential is the plotted against the concentration.

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There are two atoms with mass numbers of 2 best describes the mass numbers of the atoms in the reaction

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus is known as the mass number, often known as the atomic mass number or nucleon number. It roughly equates to the atom's atomic mass given in atomic mass units.

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Assuming the pressure remains same, we can use Charles' Law here

i.e.

Here, V1 = 7.5 l, T2 = 35 +273= 308 K

T2= 45+273 = 318 K, we need to find V2

The moles of water = 0.25×[tex]10^{2}[/tex]

Given Molecules= 1.54×[tex]10^{25}[/tex] molecules

Avogadro number = 6.02×[tex]10^{23}[/tex] molecules

Number of Moles= Number of Molecules ÷ Avogadro Number

Number of moles = 1.54×[tex]10^{25}[/tex]÷6.02×[tex]10^{23}[/tex]

                             = 0.25×[tex]10^{2}[/tex] moles

Therefore number of moles are 0.25×[tex]10^{2}[/tex] moles

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If the equilibrium constant for the reaction 2 HF (g) ⇄ H₂ (g) + F₂ (g) is 0.270 than equilibrium constant for the equation ¹/₂ H₂ (g) + ¹/₂ F₂ (g) ⇄ HF (g) is 1.924.

Initial equation is 2 HF (g) ⇄ H₂ (g) + F₂ (g)

Final equation is ¹/₂ H₂ (g) + ¹/₂ F₂ (g) ⇄ HF (g)

On reversing the equation of reaction, the equilibrium constant of the reversed reaction is inverse of the equilibrium constant of the forward reaction.

For reaction H₂ (g) + F₂ (g) ⇄ 2HF (g), equilibrium constant will be inverse of 0.270. Let the equilibrium constant of reaction  H₂ (g) + F₂ (g) ⇄ 2HF (g) be K₁. Then, the Value of K₁ is given as

K₁ = 1 ÷ 0.270 = 3.7037

On changing the stoichiometric coefficient by a factor let's say x, then the equilibrium coefficient of the changed reaction is the equilibrium constant of the unchanged reaction raised to the power x.

According to the question, the value of x is ¹/₂. So, the equilibrium constant of reaction ¹/₂ H₂ (g) + ¹/₂ F₂ ⇄ HF (g), will root of K₁. Let the equilibrium constant of the reaction ¹/₂ H₂ (g) + ¹/₂ F₂ ⇄ HF (g) be K₂. Then, the value of K₂ can be given as

K₂ = √K₁

K₂ = √3.7037

K₂ = 1.924

Hence the value of the equilibrium constant for the final reaction ¹/₂ H₂ (g) + ¹/₂ F₂ ⇄ HF (g) is 1.924

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The energy for the x-ray photon is 1.619x10⁻³³ kJ.

The quantitative characteristic that is conveyed to a body or to a physical system in physics is called energy. Energy can be observed in the performance of labor as well as in the form of heat and light. Energy is a limited resource that can only be changed from one form to another and cannot be created or destroyed, in accordance with the principle of energy conservation.

The SI's (International System of Units) unit of energy measurement is the joule (J). Common types of energy include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy of a stationary object, the elastic energy of a stationary object, the chemical energy associated with chemical reactions, the radiant energy of electromagnetic radiation, and the internal energy of a thermodynamic system.

Given, frequency of photon (v) = 2.4x1018 s⁻¹

Planck's constant (h) = 6.63x10⁻³⁴ J s

Energy (E) = h x v = 6.63x10⁻³⁴ x 2.4x1018

                 = 1.619x10⁻³⁰ J

                 = 1.619x10⁻³³ kJ

Hence, the energy for the x-ray photon with a frequency of 2.4x1018 s⁻¹ is 1.619x10⁻³³ kJ.

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According to the definition of acids, for Bronsted-Lowry, an acid is any species that can donate a proton, which is H+, to another molecule, and a base is any species that is capable of accepting a proton. Therefore, according to this definition, we have the following reaction:

H2Y- + H2Z- <---> H3Y + HZ^2-

In this reaction, we can see that H2Z donated a H+ to H2Y, therefore H2Z is the acid on the reactants side, and H2Y will be the base.

On the products side, since we have a reversible reaction, H3Y will donate a H to HZ^-2, therefore H3Y will be the acid, and HZ^-2 will be the base

The volume of the gas will be 8.501 L

What is combined gas law?

The combined gas law combines the three gas laws: Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law. It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant.

i.e.

                                   P1V1/T1 = PV2/T2

Where P1 = Initial pressure

V1 = Initial volume

T1 = initial temperature

P2 = Final pressure

V2 = Final volume

T2 = Final temperature

In the question, we know

 P1V1/T1 = PV2/T2

417 × V1  = 576 × 4.78

   497             386

417 × 386 × V1 = 576 × 4.78 × 497

V1 = 576 × 4.78 × 497

            417 × 386

V1 = 8.501 L

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The complete question is :

When the pressure changes from 417 mm Hg to 576 mm Hg, the volume changes from _______L to 4.78 L and the temperature changes from 497 K to 386 K.

The atomic number of calcium i.e. Z value is 20 with 35 neutrons and 20 electrons.

Atomic number is defined as a chemical element's nuclear charge number (symbol Z) is the charge number of an atomic nucleus.
It can also be defined as  the number of protons or positive charges in the nucleus of an atom of a specific element, and thus the number of electrons generally surrounding the nucleus.

The number of protons is equal to number of number of electrons.

Thus. the atomic number of calcium i.e. Z value is 20 with 35 neutrons and 20 electrons.

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16.93g of water formed when 12.5 LNH3 (at 298 K and 1.50 atm) is reacted with 18.9 L of O2 (at 323 K and 1.1 atm).

The primary component of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids in all known living things is water (H2O), an inorganic chemical that is transparent, tasteless, odorless, and almost colorless (in which it acts as a solvent).

Despite not providing food, energy, or organic micronutrients, water is necessary for all known forms of life. Each of its molecules has one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, which are connected by covalent bonds, as indicated by the chemical formula H2O. At a 104.45° angle, the hydrogen atoms are joined to the oxygen atom.

We will use the idea gas equation to calculate the moles of NH3 and O2

that  is  Pv= n RT

where;  P= pressure,  

V=  volume,

n = number  of  moles,

R=gas   constant  = 0.0821  l .atm/ mol.K

can also be written as

n =  PV /RT

The   moles of NH3

n= (1.50 atm  x 12.5 L) /(  0.0821 L. atm /mol.k   x 298 K)  = 0.766  moles

The  moles  of  O2

=(1.1 atm  x 18.9  L) /  (  0.0821 L. atm/ mol.k   x 323 K) = 0.784  moles

Now we will write the reaction between NH3 and O2

4 NH3  + 5 O2  → 4 No  +6H2O

from equation above 0.766 moles of NH3 reacted to produce  

0.766 x 6/4 =1.149 moles of H2O

0.784  moles of O2  reacted to produce

0.784 x 6/5 = 0.9408 moles of H20

As we can see O2 is totally consumed, O2  is the limiting reagent and therefore the moles of H2O produced = 0.9408  moles

Mass  of  H2O  = moles x molar mass

Molar mass  of H2O  =  (1 x2)+16= 18  g/mol

mass = 18 g/mol  x 0.9408  moles

         = 16.93  grams

Thusm 16.93g of water formed when 12.5 L NH 3 (at 298 K and 1.50 atm) is reacted with 18.9 L of O 2 (at 323 K and 1.1 atm).

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Answer

Exlanation

Melting point is an intensive property — Intensive properties are properties which do not depend on the amount of matter that is present.

Therefore, the given solutions are NOT in order of increasing melting point.

The order of inereasing melting point ofthe slolutions is:

(a) 0.1 m sugar (sugar has a metlting point of 186 °C

(c) 0.08 m CaCl2

(b) 0.1 m NaCl

(d) 0.04 m Na2SO4​